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Gallbladder Surgery in Hyderabad — Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, Gallstones
The gallbladder is a small pear-shaped organ beneath the liver that stores and concentrates bile — the digestive fluid produced by the liver to break down dietary fat. Gallstones (cholelithiasis) are the most common gallbladder condition, affecting approximately 15–20% of adults in India, with higher prevalence in women, obese individuals, and those over 40. When gallstones cause symptoms or complications, laparoscopic cholecystectomy (minimally invasive gallbladder removal) is the definitive treatment — one of the most commonly performed surgeries worldwide. SurgiPartner connects patients in Hyderabad with experienced general surgeons for gallbladder surgery
Understanding Gallstones — Types, Formation and Risk Factors
| Type | Composition | Prevalence | Risk Factors |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cholesterol stones | 80–90% cholesterol with bile salts and calcium | 75–80% of all gallstones | Obesity, female sex, pregnancy, rapid weight loss, high-fat diet, diabetes, drugs (OCP, clofibrate) |
| Pigment stones — black | Calcium bilirubinate from bilirubin excess | 15–20% | Haemolytic anaemia (sickle cell, thalassaemia), cirrhosis, ineffective erythropoiesis |
| Pigment stones — brown | Calcium bilirubinate + cholesterol + bacteria | 5% | Biliary infection (E. coli), parasitic infestation (Clonorchis, Ascaris), bile stasis |
The gallbladder is a small pear-shaped organ beneath the liver that stores and concentrates bile — the digestive fluid produced by the liver to break down dietary fat. Gallstones (cholelithiasis) are the most common gallbladder condition, affecting approximately 15–20% of adults in India, with higher prevalence in women, obese individuals, and those over 40. When gallstones cause symptoms or complications, laparoscopic cholecystectomy (minimally invasive gallbladder removal) is the definitive treatment — one of the most commonly performed surgeries worldwide. SurgiPartner connects patients in Hyderabad with experienced general surgeons for gallbladder surgery
Conditions Caused by Gallstones
Biliary Colic
The most common symptomatic presentation. When a gallstone temporarily obstructs the cystic duct, the gallbladder contracts against the obstruction — causing severe right upper quadrant or epigastric pain that builds over 15–30 minutes, reaches a plateau, and then resolves over 1–3 hours as the stone disimpacts. Pain typically follows fatty meals. Between attacks, the patient is completely well. Recurrence of biliary colic is almost universal — 50–70% of patients experience further attacks within 2 years without treatment.
Acute Cholecystitis
Persistent cystic duct obstruction by a gallstone causes gallbladder wall inflammation — acute cholecystitis. The patient has severe right upper quadrant pain (different from biliary colic: it does not resolve within 3–4 hours), fever (37.5–39°C), nausea and vomiting, and localised tenderness with Murphy’s sign (tenderness at the gallbladder point that increases on deep inspiration). Treatment: hospitalisation, IV fluids, IV antibiotics, and early laparoscopic cholecystectomy (within 72 hours of symptom onset) — the international standard. Delayed surgery (interval cholecystectomy at 6 weeks) is associated with higher conversion rates, more complications, and additional episodes of inflammation.
Choledocholithiasis (Common Bile Duct Stones)
Gallstones that migrate from the gallbladder into the common bile duct (CBD). CBD stones cause: obstructive jaundice (yellow skin and eyes), dark urine, pale stools, and pruritus (itching from bile salt deposition). They also cause ascending cholangitis — bacterial infection of the biliary tract — and acute pancreatitis (gallstone pancreatitis). Treatment: ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography) with endoscopic sphincterotomy and stone extraction, followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy to prevent recurrence. At SurgiPartner partner hospitals, laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) can also clear CBD stones laparoscopically at the time of cholecystectomy — avoiding the need for separate ERCP.
Gallstone Pancreatitis
Gallstones passing through the ampulla of Vater obstruct the pancreatic duct, causing acute pancreatitis — severe upper abdominal pain radiating to the back, elevated serum amylase/lipase, nausea, vomiting, and fever. Managed with IV fluids, nil by mouth, analgesia, and cholecystectomy during the same admission (for mild pancreatitis) or after recovery (for severe pancreatitis).
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy — The Definitive Treatment
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed under general anaesthesia through four small keyhole incisions. Duration: 45–75 minutes for uncomplicated cases. Most patients are discharged within 24 hours as a day-care or single-overnight procedure.
The Critical Safety Step — Critical View of Safety (CVS)
The most important principle in laparoscopic cholecystectomy is achieving the Critical View of Safety (CVS) before any structure is divided. CVS requires: (1) the hepatocystic triangle is completely cleared of fat and fibrous tissue; (2) the lower one-third of the gallbladder is separated from the liver bed; and (3) only two structures (the cystic duct and cystic artery) are seen entering the gallbladder. Achieving CVS before division prevents the most feared complication of cholecystectomy — inadvertent bile duct injury. At SurgiPartner partner hospitals, CVS is mandatory and intraoperative cholangiography is used when anatomy is unclear.
Diet After Gallbladder Removal
- First 2 weeks post-op: Low-fat diet (under 40g fat per day); avoid fried foods, high-fat snacks, and heavy meals. The bowel adjusts to continuous bile flow during this period.
- Month 1–3: Gradual reintroduction of all foods; most patients tolerate normal diet by 4–6 weeks. Some patients experience mild diarrhoea or loose stools initially — post-cholecystectomy syndrome — which resolves spontaneously in most cases.
- Long-term: No permanent dietary restrictions in the vast majority of patients. A small minority (5–10%) develop long-term post-cholecystectomy diarrhoea from bile salt malabsorption — managed with cholestyramine if significant.
💡 SurgiPartner advantage: Our Care Buddy provides personalised dietary guidance from the day of surgery through full recovery. Cashless insurance processing for gallbladder surgery is handled by our insurance team — gallbladder surgery is covered under all health insurance policies. Call +91 9030053009.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy — The Definitive Treatment
Why Choose SurgiPartner?
Choosing SurgiPartner means choosing advanced surgical expertise with complete patient care.
01.
Experienced Surgeons
Our surgeons have extensive experience performing complex and routine gallbladder surgeries with excellent outcomes.
02.
Advanced Minimally Invasive Techniques
We use state-of-the-art laparoscopic technology to reduce pain, scarring, and recovery time.
03.
Personalized Treatment Plans
Each patient receives a customized surgical and recovery plan tailored to symptoms and health condition.
04.
Pain-Free & Fast Recovery
Structured post-operative care and follow-ups ensure smooth healing and long-term digestive comfort.
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